The long-awaited June
holidays are just around the corner and families are all geared up to enjoy
this period. Travelling is a pleasurable activity, but we too should be mindful
of our wellbeing. Have you made plans to get yourself protected against
possible exposure to various diseases while overseas? If you have not done so,
it is advisable to get yourself and your family vaccinated to prevent any
health-related complications during and after your trip.
Here are some important information on different types of
diseases and vaccines for it:
1. Influenza (or
common flu) is a viral infection of the respiratory system that can be fatal as it can lead to complications like pneumonia (infection of the lungs) and even
death. The virus is transmitted via air droplets from a carrier which then
multiplies, causing flu symptoms. It can also be transmitted when a healthy
person touches contaminated surfaces or when sharing food with the infected
person.
If you may still recall, the
recent flu pandemic (H1N1) that occurred in 2009 took more than 18,000 lives
since it appeared and caused widespread concern that the pandemic could reach a
catastrophic level. This invoked a pronounced fear in people that more will
perish if no cure was found. Fortunately, the situation has been curbed greatly
with the introduction of the flu vaccine, but localized outbreaks of various
scales are likely to continue.
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| (C- http://www.uneca.org/about_eca/influenza_a_h1n1/influenza_a_h1n1.html) |
As Influenza is a much
severe virus than the normal flu bug, the symptoms it causes are more serious.
One would experience higher fever, generalised malaise, severe body aches and
stuffy nose. Complications
include bronchitis, sinusitis, ear infection and meningitis (bacterial
infection of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord).
Why should you be vaccinated?
Influenza is highly
infectious and can become a superinfection
(new infection occurring on a pre-existing infection) which can devastate
the function of the lungs and the body.
The
virus turns resistant against therapy and this can be extremely difficult to
treat. Due
to its morbidity, flu vaccination is important to protect yourself and your
family from infection. The vaccine generates antibodies to provide protection
against infection from the virus.
Since
the virus constantly mutates, it is advisable to be vaccinated yearly.
2. Tetanus is
caused by the bacteria Clostridium
tetani which attacks the nervous system.
Infection occurs when the bacteria spores enter the body through a
break in the skin. Poison is released into the bloodstream that results in
lockjaw (unable to open mouth or swallow), stiffness in the neck and abdomen at
the early stages. Signs of advanced symptoms include severe muscle spasms,
generalized tonic seizure-like activity. Further complications are bone fractures
and abnormal heart rhythm.
Why should you be vaccinated?
The mortality rate in such
cases is about 10-20%, with older adults having the greatest risks. Tetanus vaccination
can prevent this disease. It is advisable to get your tetanus shot if you have
not had a booster shot in 10 years or more.
3. Diphteria is a
respiratory disease caused by the bacteria Corynebacterium diphtheria that causes a thick covering in the back of
the throat. It can be transmitted through respiratory droplets or by
contaminated objects or foods. The bacterial toxins can spread through your
bloodstream to other organs, causing serious damage. Symptoms are gradual onset
of a sore throat and low-grade fever. Complications include airway obstruction,
coma, and death if left untreated.
Why should you be vaccinated?
Although diphtheria has
become rare due to extensive childhood immunizations mandated by governments,
it still is important to prevent the complications caused by the disease. It is
advisable to get your tetanus shot if you have not had a booster shot in 10
years or more, or never had the initial 3-shot series.
No one wishes to fall sick
days before they are bound for travel or after they return from their trip. As
mentioned, once the bacteria develops resistance to existing medical therapy,
health complications is inevitable and you would have to spend extra on doctor
fees and hospitalization costs.
So why not save that money
for your holiday and make it a memorable one? To find out more on these
vaccinations and other types for yourself and your family, visit any of our
clinics and our friendly doctors will provide you with more information. Or you
may you may wish to drop
us an email at enquiries@centralclinic.com.sg.
